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The Blackouts were a punk rock band formed in Seattle in 1979 by singer/guitarist Erich Werner, bassist Mike Davidson, and drummer William Rieflin, who were all former members of a local punk band, The Telepaths.〔Gimarc, George (2005) ''Punk Diary: the Ultimate Trainspotter's Guide to Underground Rock 1970-1982'', Backbeat Books, ISBN 0-87930-848-6, p. 416, 556〕 They were joined by Roland Barker, first on synthesizer and later on saxophone.〔〔Loftus, Johnny "(''History in Reverse'' Review )", ''Allmusic'', Macrovision Corporation〕 Following a single and EP on small local labels, Davidson was replaced by Roland's brother Paul Barker in 1981.〔 This line-up recorded the "Exchange of Goods" single for English label Situation Two, and relocated to Boston in 1982.〔 There they met Al Jourgensen of Ministry, who produced their last recording, the ''Lost Soul's Club'' EP for Wax Trax! Records.〔Thompson, Dave (2002) ''Alternative Rock'', Miller Freeman, ISBN 0-87930-607-6, p. 497〕 The band relocated a second time, to San Francisco in 1984, and toured the East Coast with Ministry that year before breaking up.〔 Jourgensen recruited Paul and Roland Barker and Rieflin to the line-up of Ministry, playing a major part in the transformation of Ministry from a synth-driven dance band to one of the top exponents of industrial metal.〔Sutton, Michael "(The Blackouts Biography )", ''Allmusic'', Macrovision Corporation〕 This started a long collaboration between Paul Barker and Jourgensen in Ministry, Revolting Cocks, Lard, and other projects. Rieflin released a solo album in 1999, ''Birth of a Giant'',〔Worley, Gail (1999) "(Bill Rieflin - What a Long, Strange Trip It's Been: The Definitive Bill Rieflin Interview )", ''Ink19''〕 worked with KMFDM, Pigface, Ruby, Peter Murphy, and Nine Inch Nails,〔 and was the studio and touring drummer for R.E.M..〔Nusca, Andrew (May 2008). "(Bill Rieflin: Steering R.E.M. Into Harder Waters )", ''Drum Magazine''.〕 Erich Werner went on to join the Toiling Midgets.〔 In 2004, Olympia's K Records released ''History in Reverse'', compiling the band's studio recordings.〔 〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Blackouts」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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